Thursday, May 8, 2014
"Mouth Breathing"
We’re back in Spring- complete with grass and pollen
allergens. Along with the sniffling and itchy eyes of Spring Allergy season
comes swelling of the inside of the nose which can further block the airway. Poor
breathing ability has also been linked to poor sleeping (with symptoms typical
of sleep apnea). At Okun Orthodontics we see a lot of mouth breathers during
allergy season. Breathing through one’s
mouth creates many issues. The air one “mouth-
breathes” is not warmed in the nose or filtered by nose- hairs. The soft tissues of the mouth desiccate (dry
out) and the muscle balance between the tongue, cheeks and lips is
altered. Mouth breathers, like thumb
suckers, have a greater force “pushing in” from the taut position of the
cheeks. This force is not balanced by a “pushing out” force from the tongue
because the tongue is positioned downward with the lower jaw. Therefore mouth
breathers tend to have narrower dental arches.
Narrower arches often have more dental crowding. In young patients, mouth breathing may also
contribute to more vertical growth of the lower jaw creating a longer face.
Orthodontists are in the unique position of being able to
alter facial growth in children. As part
of the orthodontic process we can expand the bones of the roof of the mouth
creating a wider arch form. Since the
bones which form the roof of the mouth are the same bones which form the floor
of the nose, palatal expansion increases nose-breathing ability. This is because the triangular space of the
nose increases in area as the base of the triangle widens. Even when seasonal allergies cause
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, the swollen nose tissues are
less likely to fully occlude (block) this wider space. Thus an orthodontic patient who undergoes
palatal expansion to alleviate posterior cross-bites and dental crowding can
also benefit from increased airway and better sleep quality.
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